Eco-Friendly Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Pulsed Plasma in Liquid: Effect of Surfactants

Silver (Ag) nanoparticles were successfully prepared by using the in-liquid pulsed plasma technique. This method is based on a low voltage, spark discharge in dielectric liquid. We explore effect of protecting ligands, specifically Cetyl Trimethylammonium Bromide (CTAB), Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), and Sodium n-Dodecyl Sulphate (SDS), used as surfactant materials to prevent nanoparticle aggregation. The X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) patterns samples confirm face-centered cubic crystalline structure Ag with presence Ag2O skin. Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy (STEM) reveals that spherically shaped diameter 2.2 ± 0.8 nm synthesised aqueous solution PVP surfactant. Similarly, silver peak 1.9 0.4 obtained SDS A broad size distribution was found case CTAB